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HelpTest ID: MEX Mexiletine, Serum
Reporting Name
Mexiletine, SUseful For
Assessing achievement of optimal therapeutic mexiletine concentrations
Assessing potential mexiletine toxicity
Specimen Type
Serum RedSpecimen Required
Patient Preparation: Specimens should only be collected after patient has been receiving mexiletine for at least 3 days. Trough concentrations should be collected just before administration of the next dose.
Supplies: Sarstedt Aliquot Tube, 5 mL (T914)
Collection Container/Tube: Red top (serum gel/SST are not acceptable)
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 1.5 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Draw blood immediately before next scheduled dose.
2. Centrifuge and aliquot serum into a plastic vial within 2 hours of collection.
Specimen Minimum Volume
0.5 mL
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum Red | Refrigerated (preferred) | 28 days | |
| Ambient | 28 days | ||
| Frozen | 28 days |
Reference Values
Trough Value
0.5-2.0 mcg/mL: Therapeutic concentration
>2.0 mcg/mL: Toxic concentration
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Friday
Test Classification
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
80299
LOINC Code Information
| Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| MEX | Mexiletine, S | 40779-1 |
| Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| 9245 | Mexiletine, S | 40779-1 |
Clinical Information
Mexiletine is a class I B antiarrhythmic with electrophysiologic properties similar to lidocaine and is useful in suppression of ventricular arrhythmias.
The drug exhibits a high degree of oral bioavailability, is approximately 60% protein bound, and undergoes renal clearance. Mexiletine has a volume of distribution of approximately 6 L/kg and a half-life of approximately 11 hours. Myocardial infarction and uremia reduce the rate of clearance and increase the half-life of mexiletine, requiring dosage adjustment guided by drug monitoring.
Mexiletine toxicity can occur at concentrations above 2.0 mcg/mL (trough value) and is characterized by symptoms of nausea, hypotension, sinus bradycardia, paresthesia, seizures, intermittent left bundle branch block, and temporary asystole.
Interpretation
Optimal response to mexiletine occurs when the serum concentration is within the range of 0.5 to 2.0 mcg/mL (trough value).
Clinical Reference
1. Milone MC, Shaw LM. Therapeutic drugs and their management. In: Rifai N, Chiu RWK, Young I, Burnham CAD, Wittwer CT, eds. Tietz Textbook of Laboratory Medicine. 7th ed. Elsevier; 2023:420-453
2. Josephson ME, Buxton AE, Marchlinski FE. The tachyarrhythmias: tachycardias. In: Wilson JD, Braunwald E, Isselbacher KJ, et al, eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 12th ed. McGraw-Hill Book Company; 1991:915
3. Valdes R Jr, Jortani SA, Gheorghiade M. Standards of laboratory practice: cardiac drug monitoring. National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry. Clin Chem. 1998;44(5):1096-1099
4. Joseph SP, Holt DW: Electrophysiological properties of mexiletine assessed with respect to plasma concentrations. Eur J Cardiol. 1980;11(2):115-121
Report Available
2 to 5 daysMethod Name
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)
Forms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send a Therapeutics Test Request (T831) with the specimen.
| mml-antiarrhythmics, mml-drugmonitoring |